Constituent Assembly of India – SSC Exam Notes & Study Guide

📘 For SSC CGL, CHSL, MTS, GD & Government Exams
📖 Study Material | Learning Resources | Study Guide

Written by Neeraj Anand | Published by Anand Technical Publishers

📜 Introduction – SSC Exam Study Material

The Constituent Assembly of India was responsible for drafting the Constitution of India, which became the foundation of Indian democracy. It played a crucial role in shaping the political and legal framework of the nation.

The demand that India’s political destiny should be determined
by the Indian themselves had been put forward by Mahatma
Gandhi as early as in 1922.

For aspirants preparing for SSC CGL, CHSL, MTS, GD, and other government exams, understanding the formation, structure, and significance of the Constituent Assembly is essential, as questions related to Indian Polity frequently appear in the General Awareness section.

📌 Historical Background – SSC Learning Resources

First Proposal for a Constituent Assembly (1934)

📌 The idea of a Constituent Assembly was first proposed by M.N. Roy in 1934.

British Acceptance of the Demand (August Offer, 1940)

📌 The British government first accepted the demand for a Constituent Assembly in the August Offer (1940).

Cripps Mission (1942)

📌 The British agreed to form a Constituent Assembly consisting entirely of Indians.

Cabinet Mission Plan (1946)

📌 The Constituent Assembly was finally set up in November 1946 as per the Cabinet Mission Plan.
📌 The elections were indirect, conducted by the members of the Provincial Assemblies.

🏛 Composition of the Constituent Assembly – SSC Study Guide

📌 Total Members: 389
📌 After Partition (1947): Reduced to 299

• First Meeting:9th December 1946
  • Interim President: Sachidanand Sinha
• Permanent President: Dr. Rajendra Prasad (11th December 1946)
• Objective Resolution: Introduced by Jawaharlal Nehru

📜 Drafting of the Constitution – SSC Exam Notes

📌 Drafting Committee Formation (29th August 1947)

• The Drafting Committee was appointed with Dr. B.R. Ambedkar as the Chairman.
• The committee played a crucial role in framing the Indian Constitution.

📌 Time Taken for Drafting the Constitution

• The Constituent Assembly worked for nearly 3 years:
  • 2 years, 11 months, and 18 days

📌 Final Adoption of the Constitution

• 26th November 1949 – The Constitution was adopted by the Constituent Assembly.
• 24th January 1950 – The Constitution was signed by the members of the Assembly.
• 26th January 1950 – The Constitution came into effect, officially making India a sovereign, democratic, and republic nation.

📜 Impact of the Constitution’s Enforcement – SSC Exam Learning Resources

• Repealed the Indian Independence Act (1947)
• Ended British Dominion Status – India became a sovereign nation.
• Came into full force on 26th January 1950, celebrated as Republic Day.

📌 Article 394 & Provisions Effective from 26th November 1949
Certain provisions of the Indian Constitution came into effect before 26th January 1950, including:

• Citizenship (Articles 5-9)
• Elections (Article 324)
• Provisional Parliament (Articles 379-392)

The remaining provisions came into force on 26th January 1950, marking the complete implementation of the Indian Constitution.

🎯 FAQs – SSC Exam Study Guide

Q1. Who first proposed the idea of a Constituent Assembly for India?

🔹 M.N. Roy in 1934.

Q2. When was the first meeting of the Constituent Assembly held?

🔹 9th December 1946, with Sachidanand Sinha as the interim President.

Q3. Who was the permanent President of the Constituent Assembly?

🔹 Dr. Rajendra Prasad, elected on 11th December 1946.

Q4. When was the Constitution of India adopted and enforced?

🔹 Adopted on 26th November 1949 and enforced on 26th January 1950.

Q5. Who was the Chairman of the Drafting Committee?

🔹 Dr. B.R. Ambedkar was the Chairman of the Drafting Committee, appointed on 29th August 1947.

📝 Practice Questions – SSC Exam Study Material

1️⃣ Who was the first person to propose the idea of a Constituent Assembly?
a) Mahatma Gandhi
b) Jawaharlal Nehru
c) M.N. Roy
d) B.R. Ambedkar

2️⃣ The Constituent Assembly was set up as per which plan?
a) Cripps Mission
b) August Offer
c) Cabinet Mission Plan
d) Simon Commission

3️⃣ Who was the first Interim President of the Constituent Assembly?
a) Dr. Rajendra Prasad
b) Dr. B.R. Ambedkar
c) Sachidanand Sinha
d) Jawaharlal Nehru

4️⃣ When was the Drafting Committee formed?
a) 15th August 1947
b) 29th August 1947
c) 26th January 1950
d) 9th December 1946

5️⃣ Which article mentions the provisions that came into force before 26th January 1950?
a) Article 370
b) Article 394
c) Article 352
d) Article 368

(Answer Key: 1-c, 2-c, 3-c, 4-b, 5-b)

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