ANAND CLASSES discuss some Assertion and Reason questions with answers and explanations for CBSE Class 10 Science (Biology) of topic Types of Life Processes of Chapter 1 Life Processes.
Assertion and Reason Questions
Q1.
Assertion (A): All living organisms require energy to perform various life processes.
Reason (R): Food acts as a source of energy as it provides chemical energy to the body through chemical reactions.
Answer: (A) Both Assertion and Reason are true, and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.
Explanation: Energy is essential for life processes such as movement, growth, respiration, and reproduction. This energy is obtained from food, which undergoes chemical reactions (like respiration) to release energy in a usable form.
Q2.
Assertion (A): Excretion is a life process that helps in the removal of useful substances from the body.
Reason (R): The waste materials produced in the cells of the body need to be removed to maintain proper functioning of the body.
Answer: (C) Assertion is false, but Reason is true.
Explanation: Excretion is the process of removing waste materials from the body, not useful substances. The body eliminates waste like carbon dioxide, urea, and excess water to maintain homeostasis and prevent toxic accumulation.
Q3.
Assertion (A): Growth in living organisms involves an increase in size and complexity.
Reason (R): Growth occurs due to an increase in the number of cells and their enlargement.
Answer: (A) Both Assertion and Reason are true, and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.
Explanation: Growth in organisms is a result of cell division (mitosis), where new cells are formed, and existing cells enlarge. This leads to an increase in size, complexity, and the development of an organism.
Q4.
Assertion (A): Control and coordination help organisms survive in a changing environment.
Reason (R): The process of transport ensures the removal of waste products from the body.
Answer: (B) Both Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion.
Explanation: Control and coordination involve the nervous and endocrine systems, which help organisms respond to environmental changes. However, transport is responsible for moving substances within the body and is not directly related to control and coordination.
Q5.
Assertion (A): Respiration is a process in which energy is released from food.
Reason (R): The beating of the heart requires a continuous supply of energy.
Answer: (B) Both Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion.
Explanation: Respiration is the process of breaking down food to release energy, which is then used for various life functions. While the heart requires continuous energy to function, this is just one of many processes that depend on respiration.
Q6.
Assertion (A): Movement is a defining characteristic of all living organisms.
Reason (R): All living organisms move from one place to another to obtain food.
Answer: (C) Assertion is true, but Reason is false.
Explanation: Movement is a characteristic of living organisms, but not all organisms move from one place to another. While animals show locomotion, plants exhibit movement in response to stimuli (e.g., phototropism, geotropism).
Q7.
Assertion (A): Nutrition is essential for the survival of living organisms.
Reason (R): Nutrition helps in the intake and utilization of food to release energy.
Answer: (A) Both Assertion and Reason are true, and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.
Explanation: Nutrition is the process by which organisms obtain and utilize food. Food provides the necessary nutrients and energy required for various biological processes and survival.
Q8.
Assertion (A): Excretion is necessary to maintain homeostasis in living organisms.
Reason (R): Accumulation of waste materials in the body can be toxic and harmful.
Answer: (A) Both Assertion and Reason are true, and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.
Explanation: The removal of metabolic waste through excretion is vital to maintain the internal environment of an organism. If waste products like urea and carbon dioxide accumulate, they can disrupt normal bodily functions and lead to diseases.
Q9.
Assertion (A): Respiration is a process that occurs only during physical activities.
Reason (R): Energy is required by the body even during sleep.
Answer: (C) Assertion is false, but Reason is true.
Explanation: Respiration occurs continuously in all living organisms, even during rest or sleep, because the body needs energy for involuntary functions like heartbeat, digestion, and breathing.
Q10.
Assertion (A): Food is a primary source of energy for living organisms.
Reason (R): The energy required for life processes comes from food through chemical reactions.
Answer: (A) Both Assertion and Reason are true, and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.
Explanation: Food provides the nutrients needed for respiration, where chemical reactions break down food molecules to release energy. This energy is then used to carry out various life functions.
Q11.
Assertion (A): Reproduction is essential for the survival of an individual.
Reason (R): Reproduction ensures the continuation of species on Earth.
Answer: (C) Assertion is false, but Reason is true.
Explanation: An individual can survive without reproduction, but reproduction is essential for the survival of the species as it ensures the birth of new organisms and prevents extinction.
Q12.
Assertion (A): Transport in living organisms helps in the movement of substances within the body.
Reason (R): Blood in animals and xylem in plants are responsible for the transport of nutrients and other materials.
Answer: (A) Both Assertion and Reason are true, and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.
Explanation: The transport system in living organisms helps in moving substances from one part of the body to another. In animals, the circulatory system transports oxygen, nutrients, and waste, while in plants, the vascular system (xylem and phloem) performs this function.
Q13.
Assertion (A): The process of respiration provides energy for various life processes.
Reason (R): Respiration occurs only in the presence of oxygen.
Answer: (C) Assertion is true, but Reason is false.
Explanation: Respiration is the process of breaking down food to release energy, which is used for various life processes. However, respiration can occur in both aerobic (with oxygen) and anaerobic (without oxygen) conditions.
Q14.
Assertion (A): Living organisms require continuous energy supply even when they are asleep.
Reason (R): Biological activities like heartbeat, digestion, and respiration continue even during sleep.
Answer: (A) Both Assertion and Reason are true, and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.
Explanation: The body continues to function during sleep, requiring energy for involuntary processes such as heartbeats, breathing, and metabolism.
Q15.
Assertion (A): Excretion is an essential process in all living organisms.
Reason (R): Excretion removes harmful waste products from the body to prevent toxicity.
Answer: (A) Both Assertion and Reason are true, and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.
Explanation: All living organisms produce metabolic waste that must be eliminated to maintain homeostasis and prevent toxic buildup.
Q16.
Assertion (A): Reproduction is a vital process for the survival of an individual.
Reason (R): Reproduction helps in the continuity of species but is not necessary for the survival of an individual.
Answer: (C) Assertion is false, but Reason is true.
Explanation: An individual can survive without reproducing, but reproduction ensures the survival and continuation of the species over generations.
Q17.
Assertion (A): Plants do not require an excretory system like animals.
Reason (R): Plants store waste products in vacuoles or excrete them through stomata and lenticels.
Answer: (A) Both Assertion and Reason are true, and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.
Explanation: Unlike animals, plants do not have specialized excretory organs. They store waste in vacuoles, excrete oxygen through stomata, and release some waste products as resins or gums.
Q18.
Assertion (A): Movement is a characteristic of all living organisms.
Reason (R): All organisms show locomotion.
Answer: (C) Assertion is true, but Reason is false.
Explanation: Movement is a characteristic of all living organisms, but not all organisms show locomotion. While animals move from one place to another, plants show movement in response to stimuli (e.g., tropism).
Q19.
Assertion (A): Transport in plants occurs through xylem and phloem.
Reason (R): Xylem transports food, while phloem transports water and minerals.
Answer: (C) Assertion is true, but Reason is false.
Explanation: Xylem transports water and minerals, while phloem transports food (mainly sugars) to different parts of the plant.
Q20.
Assertion (A): Nutrition is essential for survival as it provides the necessary substances for growth and energy.
Reason (R): Autotrophic organisms depend on other organisms for their nutrition.
Answer: (C) Assertion is true, but Reason is false.
Explanation: Nutrition is necessary for growth, repair, and energy production. However, autotrophic organisms (like plants) make their own food through photosynthesis and do not depend on others for nutrition.
Q21.
Assertion (A): Excretion in animals occurs through specialized organs like kidneys and lungs.
Reason (R): The kidneys remove nitrogenous waste, while lungs help in removing oxygen.
Answer: (C) Assertion is true, but Reason is false.
Explanation: The lungs remove carbon dioxide, not oxygen. The kidneys filter out nitrogenous waste (urea) from the blood.
Q22.
Assertion (A): The process of growth in living organisms involves an increase in the number of cells.
Reason (R): Growth in all organisms occurs only by cell division.
Answer: (B) Both Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion.
Explanation: Growth occurs due to both cell division (increase in number of cells) and cell enlargement (increase in cell size).
Q23.
Assertion (A): All living organisms respond to external stimuli.
Reason (R): Response to stimuli is necessary for survival in a changing environment.
Answer: (A) Both Assertion and Reason are true, and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.
Explanation: Living organisms must respond to external stimuli (like light, heat, and danger) to adapt and survive in changing environmental conditions.
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