ANAND CLASSES discuss assertion and reason questions to test students’ conceptual understanding of nutrition and its role in living organisms. They encourage critical thinking and help in exam preparation for CBSE Class 10 Science (Biology). 🚀
Assertion and Reason Questions for CBSE Class 10 Science (Biology)
Assertion (A) & Reason (R) Based Questions:
1. Assertion (A): Carbohydrates are the most common source of energy for living organisms.
Reason (R): Carbohydrates, like glucose and starch, can be broken down to release energy.
✅ Answer: (A) and (R) are both true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
Explanation: Carbohydrates are the primary energy-providing biomolecules in most organisms. They are broken down into glucose, which is then used in respiration to produce ATP (energy).
2. Assertion (A): Nutrition is the process of intake and utilization of food.
Reason (R): Food provides energy and raw materials for the growth and maintenance of an organism.
✅ Answer: (A) and (R) are both true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
Explanation: Nutrition includes both obtaining and using food to sustain life. Food provides essential nutrients like carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, and minerals, which help in energy production and body maintenance.
3. Assertion (A): Proteins are primarily used as an energy source in the human body.
Reason (R): Proteins are broken down into amino acids, which provide immediate energy like carbohydrates.
❌ Answer: (A) is false, but (R) is true.
Explanation: Proteins are mainly used for growth, repair, and biosynthesis of body tissues, not as the primary energy source. Carbohydrates and fats are the main energy sources, while proteins are used for energy only in extreme cases like starvation.
4. Assertion (A): Water is considered a nutrient essential for survival.
Reason (R): Water does not provide energy but is necessary for various metabolic activities in the body.
✅ Answer: (A) and (R) are both true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
Explanation: Water is an essential nutrient required for digestion, transportation of substances, regulation of body temperature, and excretion. However, it does not provide energy like carbohydrates or fats.
5. Assertion (A): Fats are the least energy-dense biomolecules compared to carbohydrates and proteins.
Reason (R): Carbohydrates provide more energy per gram than fats.
❌ Answer: (A) is false, and (R) is also false.
Explanation: Fats are the most energy-dense biomolecules, providing 9 kcal per gram, whereas carbohydrates and proteins provide 4 kcal per gram. Fats serve as a long-term energy reserve in organisms.
6. Assertion (A): Glucose is the simplest form of carbohydrate.
Reason (R): Starch is directly absorbed by the body for energy without breaking down into simpler forms.
❌ Answer: (A) is true, but (R) is false.
Explanation: Glucose is the simplest sugar and can be directly used by cells for energy. Starch, however, is a complex carbohydrate that must be broken down into glucose before being absorbed and utilized by the body.
7. Assertion (A): Fats serve as an energy reserve in living organisms.
Reason (R): Fats provide more energy per gram compared to carbohydrates and proteins.
✅ Answer: (A) and (R) are both true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
Explanation: Fats act as stored energy and provide 9 kcal per gram, whereas carbohydrates and proteins provide 4 kcal per gram. This makes fats an efficient long-term energy source.
8. Assertion (A): Proteins are important for the biosynthesis of body tissues.
Reason (R): Proteins provide the structural framework for muscles, enzymes, and hormones.
✅ Answer: (A) and (R) are both true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
Explanation: Proteins are essential for growth, repair, and maintenance of body structures, as they form muscles, enzymes, and hormones necessary for body functions.
9. Assertion (A): Vitamins and minerals are not considered nutrients because they do not provide energy.
Reason (R): Only carbohydrates, fats, and proteins provide energy to the body.
❌ Answer: (A) is false, but (R) is true.
Explanation: Vitamins and minerals are considered nutrients because they are essential for body functions, even though they do not provide energy. They help in metabolic reactions, immunity, and overall health.
10. Assertion (A): All organisms obtain their food in the same manner.
Reason (R): The mode of nutrition differs among different organisms based on their biological needs.
❌ Answer: (A) is false, but (R) is true.
Explanation: Organisms have different modes of nutrition. Some, like plants, use autotrophic nutrition (photosynthesis), while others, like animals and fungi, use heterotrophic nutrition by consuming organic matter.
11. Assertion (A): The process of nutrition is essential for the survival of all living organisms.
Reason (R): Nutrition provides organisms with the necessary energy and materials for growth and repair.
✅ Answer: (A) and (R) are both true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
Explanation: Without proper nutrition, organisms cannot generate energy or maintain essential body functions, leading to weakness or even death.
12. Assertion (A): Water is an organic substance required for nutrition.
Reason (R): Water helps in digestion, transport of nutrients, and excretion of waste materials.
❌ Answer: (A) is false, but (R) is true.
Explanation: Water is an inorganic substance, but it is essential for life as it aids in digestion, transportation of nutrients, temperature regulation, and excretion.
13. Assertion (A): Heterotrophic organisms obtain their food from other living or dead organisms.
Reason (R): Heterotrophs cannot synthesize their own food like autotrophs.
✅ Answer: (A) and (R) are both true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
Explanation: Heterotrophic organisms, such as animals and fungi, rely on plants or other organisms for their food because they cannot produce it themselves.
14. Assertion (A): All nutrients required by the human body are obtained from food.
Reason (R): The human body cannot synthesize any of the essential nutrients.
❌ Answer: (A) is true, but (R) is false.
Explanation: While most nutrients are obtained from food, some can be synthesized by the body. For example, the body can synthesize vitamin D when exposed to sunlight.
15. Assertion (A): A balanced diet contains all the nutrients required by the body in the correct proportions.
Reason (R): Excess intake of any one nutrient can compensate for the lack of another.
❌ Answer: (A) is true, but (R) is false.
Explanation: A balanced diet must include carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, and water in appropriate amounts. Excess of one nutrient cannot replace the need for another, as each has a specific role in maintaining health.
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